special teacher syllabus

• VOCABULARY
• ELEMENTS OF ART: The visual components of color, form, line,
• shape, space, texture, and value.
• Line An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line
• may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or
• abstract.
• Shape An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to
• height and width.
• Form An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses
• volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a
• sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free
• flowing.
• Value The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the
• lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway
• between these extremes is called middle gray.
• Space An element of art by which positive and negative areas are
• defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .
• Color An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value,
• and intensity.
• • Hue: name of color
• • Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value
• changes when white or black is added)
• • Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high
• intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity=
• color is faint and dull)
• Texture An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look
• as if they might feel if touched.
• PRINCIPLES OF ART: Balance, emphasis, movement, proportion,
• rhythm, unity, and variety; the means an artist uses to organize
• elements within a work of art.
• Rhythm A principle of design that indicates movement, created
• by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work
• of art to cause a visual tempo or beat.
• Balance A way of combining elements to add a feeling of
• equilibrium or stability to a work of art. Major types are
• symmetrical and asymmetrical.
• Emphasis
• (contrast)
• A way of combining elements to stress the differences
• between those elements.
• Proportion A principle of design that refers to the relationship of
• certain elements to the whole and to each other.
• Gradation A way of combining elements by using a series of
• gradual changes in those elements. (large shapes to
• small shapes, dark hue to light hue, etc)
• Harmony A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to
• accent their similarities (achieved through use of
• repetitions and subtle gradual changes)
• Variety A principle of design concerned with diversity or
• contrast. Variety is achieved by using different shapes,
• sizes, and/or colors in a work of art.
• Movement A principle of design used to create the look and feeling
• of action and to guide the viewer’s eye throughout the
• work of art.